Evicting a tenant in Colorado can take around 2 weeks to 4 months, depending on the reason for eviction and whether the tenant contests it.
Grounds for an Eviction in Colorado
In Colorado, a landlord cannot legally evict a tenant without cause. Legal grounds to evict include:
- Not paying rent on time
- Staying after the lease expires
- Violating lease terms
- Committing illegal activity
Depending on the grounds for eviction, the landlord needs to give proper notice and provide the tenant a chance to cure the violation.
Grounds | Notice Period | Curable? |
Nonpayment of Rent
Employer-Provided Housing |
3 Days | Yes |
Nonpayment of Rent
Exempt Rental Property |
5 Days | Yes |
Nonpayment of Rent
All Other Tenancies |
10 Days | Yes |
End of / No Lease
All Tenancies |
21 Days | No |
Lease Violation
Employer-Provided Housing |
3 Days | Yes |
Lease Violation
Exempt Rental Property |
5 Days | Yes |
Lease Violation
All Other Tenancies |
10 Days | Yes |
Illegal Activity
All Tenancies |
3 Days | No |
Nonpayment of Rent
In Colorado, a landlord can evict a tenant for not paying rent on time. To do so, the landlord must first serve the tenant a notice to quit, which allows the tenant to pay the balance due or move out.
Depending on the type of housing, the amount of notice differs:
- For tenants who reside in employer-provided housing, landlords must deliver a 3 days’ notice to quit
- For landlords with 5 or fewer rental properties that lease single family homes, the tenants must be given a 5 days’ notice to quit
- For all other residential tenancies, the landlord must serve a 10 days’ notice to quit
Unless the lease states otherwise, rent is due at the beginning of each month and is considered late in Colorado the day immediately after its due date. Colorado requires a rent payment grace period of seven days before a landlord can charge a late fee.
If the tenant does not pay the balance due or move out of the premises by the end of the notice period, the landlord can move forward and file an eviction lawsuit.
If rent is due on September 1st, it will be considered late starting on September 2nd, unless the lease specifically states there is a grace period. Note that this does not affect when a landlord can charge a late fee.
End of Lease or No Lease
In Colorado, a landlord can evict a tenant who does not have a lease (“tenant at will”) or has a lease that has terminated and continues to remain on the premises (“holdover tenant”). Landlords must first terminate the tenancy by giving the tenant a 21-day notice to move out.
If the tenant does not move out by the end of the notice period, the landlord can move forward and file an eviction lawsuit.
Lease Violations
In Colorado, a landlord can evict a tenant for violating the terms of their lease or not upholding their responsibilities under Colorado landlord-tenant law. Landlords must first deliver a notice to comply or vacate, which allows the tenant to fix the issue or move out.
Lease violations include:
- Not complying with all building, health, and housing codes
- Using all facilities and appliances in an unreasonable manner
- Disturbing the neighbors’ peaceful enjoyment of the premises
- Failing to repair and maintain the premises
- Causing minor property damage (i.e. small holes in the sheetrock or missing blinds)
Depending on the type of housing, the amount of notice differs:
- For tenants who reside in employer-provided housing, landlords must deliver a 3 days’ notice to comply or vacate
- For landlords with 5 or fewer rental properties that lease single family homes, the tenants must be given a 5 days’ notice to comply or vacate
- For all other residential tenancies, landlords must provide tenants with a 10 days’ notice to comply or vacate
If the tenant does not correct the lease violation or move out by the end of the notice period, the landlord can move forward and file an eviction lawsuit.
If the tenant causes substantial property damage, the landlord can terminate the tenancy by serving a 3-day notice to vacate.
Illegal Activity
In Colorado, a landlord can evict a tenant who engages in illegal activity on the premises. To do so, the landlord must first serve a 3 days’ notice to vacate for all types of housing. The tenant does not have the option to fix the issue and must move out of the rental unit.
In Colorado, illegal activities include:
- Committing violent or drug-related felonies
- Endangering or physically harming the landlord or other persons
- Causing substantial damage or destruction to the premises or another person’s property
- Engaging in criminal acts of any type which carry a total potential penalty of 180 days in prison or more
If the tenant does not move out by the end of the notice period, the landlord can move forward and file an eviction lawsuit.
Illegal Evictions in Colorado
In Colorado, there are a few different types of eviction actions that are illegal. If found liable, the landlord could be required to pay the tenant statutory damages, 3 times the monthly rent or $5,000, whichever is greater, plus costs, and reasonable attorneys’ fees. A judge also has the power to order a landlord to return full possession of the premises to the original tenant.
“Self-Help” Evictions
A landlord is not allowed to attempt to forcibly remove a tenant by:
- Changing the locks
- Shutting off utilities
- Removing tenant belongings
A tenant can only be legally removed with a court order obtained through the formal eviction process.
Retaliatory Evictions
It is illegal for a landlord to evict a tenant in response to exercising a legally protected right. These rights include:
- Complaining about habitability issues to the landlord or governmental agency
- Filing a complaint to a government authority
- Joining a tenant’s union or organization
- Pursuing a legal right to remedy habitability issues
Evicting Tenants on Public Assistance Without Prior Mediation
Colorado landlords in many cases cannot evict a tenant who receives public assistance, unless they have first gone through a mediation process. Failure to go through required mediation is an affirmative defense in eviction proceedings. Mediation is required if both of the following factors are present:
- The landlord operates more than five total rental units, and
- The tenant receives supplemental security income, social security disability assistance, or Colorado state cash assistance
Mediation must take place at no cost to the tenant, with legal counsel permitted but not required for both parties. A tenant can waive mediation, but only by a separate, specific agreement with the landlord. Waiver is illegal if it’s in a lease or other broader contract related to rental matters.
Steps of the eviction process in Colorado:
- Landlord serves tenant with written notice of violations
- Landlord files a complaint with the court due to unresolved violations
- Court holds hearing and issues judgment
- Writ of restitution is issued
- Possession of property is returned to landlord
Step 1: Landlord Serves Notice To Tenant
A landlord can begin the eviction process in Colorado by serving the tenant with written notice. Landlords should always keep the original signed notice and declaration of service as proof of proper service if the case proceeds to court. An initial written eviction notice may be delivered using any of these methods:
- Hand delivery to the tenant
- Hand delivery to a person on the premises over age 15 who can accept the notice on behalf of the tenant
- Only if all forms of hand delivery fail: Posting the notice in a conspicuous place on the premises, such as the entry door
Regardless of violation, many Colorado properties are federally entitled to a minimum 30 days of advance notice about a lease violation before a landlord can file for eviction. This minimum applies to any residential property covered by the federal Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, even after the act’s other protections have expired.
3-Day Notice To Quit
In Colorado, if a tenant occupies employer-provided housing and is late on paying rent (full or partial), the landlord can serve them a 3-Day Notice To Quit. This notice gives the tenant 3 days to pay the entire balance due or vacate the premises.
5-Day Notice To Quit
In Colorado, if a tenant resides in an exempt rental property and is late on paying rent (full or partial), the landlord must give them a 5-Day Notice To Quit. This notice gives the tenant 5 days to pay the entire balance due or vacate the premises.
Landlords have an exempt rental property if they lease single family homes and have 5 or fewer rental properties.
10-Day Notice To Quit
In Colorado, if a tenant (who does not reside in an exempt rental property or employer-provided housing), is late on paying rent (full or partial), the landlord must give them a 10-Day Notice To Quit.
This notice gives the tenant 10 days to pay the entire balance due or vacate the premises.
21-Day Notice To Vacate
In Colorado, for a tenant with no lease, a month-to-month lease or for tenancies of longer than one month, but less than 6 months, the landlord must serve them a 21-Day Notice To Vacate to terminate the tenancy. This lease termination notice allows the tenant 21 days to move out.
However, depending on the length of tenancy, the amount of notice differs.
Lease Length | Notice Amount |
---|---|
Less than 1 week | 1 Day |
Greater than a week but less than 1 month | 3 Days |
Greater than 1 month but less than 6 months | 21 Days |
Greater than 6 months but less than 1 year | 28 Days |
Greater than 1 year | 91 Days |
3-Day Notice To Comply or Vacate
In Colorado, if a tenant occupies employer-provided housing and commits a minor violation of the terms of their lease or legal responsibilities, the landlord must serve them a 3-Day Notice To Comply or Vacate. This eviction notice gives the tenant 3 days to fix the issue or move out.
5-Day Notice To Comply or Vacate
In Colorado, if a tenant resides in an exempt rental property and commits a minor violation of the terms of their lease or legal responsibilities, the landlord must give them a 5-Day Notice To Comply or Vacate. This eviction notice gives the tenant 5 days to fix the issue or move out.
10-Day Notice To Comply or Vacate
In Colorado, if a tenant (who does not reside in an exempt rental property or employer-provided housing), commits a minor violation of the terms of their lease or legal responsibilities, the landlord shall serve them a 10-Day Notice To Comply or Vacate.
This eviction notice gives the tenant 10 days to fix the issue or move out.
3-Day Notice To Vacate
In Colorado, if a tenant engages in an illegal activity, the landlord must serve them a 3-Day Notice To Vacate. This eviction notice gives the tenant 3 days to move out without the chance to fix the issue.

Step 2: Landlord Files Lawsuit with Court
If the notice period ends and the tenant remains on the property, the next step in the eviction process allows the landlord to file a complaint and summons with the court. The proper jurisdiction will be in the county in which the property is located.
The summons and complaint must be served on the tenant by anyone who is 18 years or older, who isn’t part of the case, at least 7 days prior to the eviction hearing through one of the following methods:
- Giving a copy to the tenant in person
- Leaving a copy with the tenant’s family member over the age of 18
- Leaving a copy with the tenant’s supervisor, secretary, administrative assistant, bookkeeper, managing agent, or HR representative
- Posting a copy in a conspicuous place on the rental property AND mailing a copy to the tenant via first class mail.
The summons and complaint must be served on the tenant at least 7 days prior to the eviction hearing.

Step 3: Court Holds Hearing and Issues Judgment
The eviction hearing will be held between 7-14 days after the date the summons was issued by the court.
The tenant may file a written answer prior to the eviction hearing, but this is not a requirement in order to attend the hearing and object to (or contest) the eviction. However, if the tenant does not provide the court with a written answer at the hearing, the court may rule in favor of the landlord, even if the tenant appears in person at the eviction hearing.
As of 2025, Colorado has abolished all fees for defendants filing an answer or other documents. Defendants who are pro se (that is, not represented by a lawyer) can also have the court serve answers or other documents to the plaintiff at no cost.
If the tenant does file a written answer with the court (either at or before the hearing), a second hearing will be set to determine whether the tenant will be allowed to stay in the rental unit and determine how much money is owed to the landlord.
If the judge rules in favor of the landlord at either the initial hearing or a follow-up hearing, a writ of restitution will be issued and the eviction process will proceed.
Beginning in 2024, Colorado law specifies that party and witness appearances may be done electronically rather than in person. A tenant who is appearing pro se (i.e., without a lawyer) may also file answers electronically. If either party is pro se, either party may also file motions and most court documents electronically rather than in person.

Step 4: Writ of Restitution Is Issued
The writ of restitution is the tenant’s final notice to leave the rental unit and gives them the opportunity to remove their belongings before the sheriff returns to the rental property to forcibly remove the tenant.
The writ must be issued at least 48 hours after judgment is entered in favor of the landlord.
If the tenant remains in the rental unit after the writ is issued, possession of the rental unit will be forcibly returned to the landlord.
The writ of restitution cannot be issued until 48 hours after the court has entered an order in the landlord’s favor.

Step 5: Possession of Property is Returned
The writ of restitution may be executed by a sheriff, deputy sheriff, or undersheriff.
Colorado statutes don’t have a specific time frame of when the sheriff’s department has to execute an eviction notice once it has been received. Instead, it’s the landlord’s responsibility to schedule a time for the eviction with the sheriff’s department.
Eviction of a tenant may take up to a few hours to a few days, depending on how quickly the landlord is able to schedule the eviction with the sheriff’s office.
Colorado Eviction Process Timeline
In Colorado, an eviction can be completed in 2 weeks to 4 months, but can take longer depending on the reason for eviction, whether the eviction is contested, which days courts are (or aren’t) in session and other various possible delays.
Below are the parts of the Colorado eviction process outside the control of landlords for cases that go uncontested.
Step | Estimated Time |
---|---|
Initial Notice Period | 1-91 Calendar Days |
Court Issuing/Serving Summons | 7 Business Days |
Court Ruling | 7-14 Business Days |
Court Serving Writ of Possession | 2 Business Days |
Final Notice Period | 1-3 Calendar Days |
Flowchart of Colorado Eviction Process
Colorado Eviction Court Fees
The average cost of an eviction in Colorado for all filing, court, and service fees is $320. Although the cost varies heavily on the amount of the eviction claim. Eviction lawsuits can be filed in County Court where the dwelling unit is located.
Fee Type |
Amount |
Initial Court Filing | $85+ |
Summons Service | ~$35+ |
Writ of Restitution Execution | $200+ |
Answer Filing (Optional) | $0 |
Answer and Counterclaim Filing (Optional) | $0 |
Jury Demand Filing (Optional) | $98 |
Mediation Services (only applicable to some eviction contexts) | Free to $50/hour, depending on specifics |
Sources
- 1 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-104(1)(d)
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When such tenant or lessee holds over without permission of the tenant’s or lessee’s landlord after any default in the payment of rent pursuant to the agreement under which the tenant or lessee holds, and, ten days’ notice in writing has been duly served upon the tenant or lessee holding over, requiring in the alternative the payment of the rent or the possession of the premises; except that, for a nonresidential agreement or an employer-provided housing agreement, three days’ notice is required pursuant to this section, and for an exempt residential agreement, five days’ notice is required pursuant to this section. No such agreement shall contain a waiver by the tenant of the notice requirement of this subsection (1)(d). It is not necessary, in order to work a forfeiture of such agreement for nonpayment of rent, to make a demand for such rent on the day on which the same becomes due; but a failure to pay such rent upon demand, when made, works a forfeiture.
Source Link - 2 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-105(a)
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A landlord shall not take any of the following actions or direct any agent to take any of the following actions on the landlord’s behalf:
(a) Charge a tenant or home owner a late fee unless a rent payment is late by at least seven calendar days;
Source Link - 3 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-107
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(1) A landlord of nonresidential real property or a residential premises described in section 38-12-1302 (1)(a), (1)(b), (1)(d), (1)(e), or (1)(f) or a tenant of any property or premises may terminate a periodic tenancy at the end of the tenancy period or elect to not renew a fixed term tenancy at the end of the fixed term by serving written notice that expires at the end of the period or fixed term, based on the length of the applicable tenancy described in subsection (2) of this section.
(2) The written notice described in subsection (1) of this section must be served before the end of the period or fixed term, as follows:
(a) A tenancy for one year or longer, at least ninety-one days;
(b) A tenancy of six months or longer but less than a year, at least twenty-eight days;
(c) A tenancy of one month or longer but less than six months, at least twenty-one days;
(d) A tenancy of one week or longer but less than one month, or a tenancy at will, at least three days;
(e) A tenancy for less than one week, at least one day.
(3) The written notice described in subsection (1) of this section must:
(a) Describe the property and the particular date when the tenancy will terminate; and
(b) Be signed by the landlord or tenant, the party giving such notice, or the landlord’s or tenant’s agent or attorney.
(4) No written notice under subsection (1) of this section is necessary from a tenant with a fixed-term tenancy that is, by agreement, to end at a time certain.
Source Link - 4 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-504
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(1) In addition to any duties imposed upon a tenant by a rental agreement, every tenant of a residential premises has a duty to use that portion of the premises within the tenant’s control in a reasonably clean and safe manner. A tenant fails to maintain the premises in a reasonably clean and safe manner when the tenant substantially fails to:
(a) Comply with obligations imposed upon tenants by applicable provisions of building, health, and housing codes materially affecting health and safety;
(b) Keep the dwelling unit reasonably clean, safe, and sanitary as permitted by the conditions of the unit;
(c) Dispose of ashes, garbage, rubbish, and other waste from the dwelling unit in a clean, safe, sanitary, and legally compliant manner;
(d) Use in a reasonable manner all electrical, plumbing, sanitary, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, elevators, and other facilities and appliances in the dwelling unit;
(e) Conduct himself or herself and require other persons in the residential premises within the tenant’s control to conduct themselves in a manner that does not disturb their neighbors’ peaceful enjoyment of the neighbors’ dwelling unit; or
(f) Promptly notify the landlord if the residential premises is uninhabitable as defined in section 38-12-505 or if there is a condition that could result in the premises becoming uninhabitable if not remedied.
(2) In addition to the duties set forth in subsection (1) of this section, a tenant shall not knowingly, intentionally, deliberately, or negligently destroy, deface, damage, impair, or remove any part of the residential premises or knowingly permit any person within his or her control to do so.
(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize a modification of a landlord’s obligations under this part 5.
Source Link - 5 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-104(1)(e)
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When a tenant or lessee holds over without permission, contrary to any material condition or covenant of the agreement under which the tenant or lessee holds, and ten days’ notice in writing has been duly served upon the tenant or lessee requiring either compliance with the condition or covenant or the delivery of the possession of the premises; except that, for a nonresidential agreement or an employer-provided housing agreement, three days’ notice is required, and for an exempt residential agreement, five days’ notice is required;
Source Link - 6 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-107.5(4)
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(a) A tenancy may be terminated at any time on the basis of a substantial violation. The termination is effective three days after service of written notice to terminate tenancy.
(b) The notice to terminate tenancy must describe the property, the particular date when the tenancy will terminate, and the grounds for termination. The notice must be signed by the landlord or by the landlord’s agent or attorney.
Source Link - 7 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-107.5(2) & (3)
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(2) It is declared to be an implied term of every lease of real property in this state that the tenant shall not commit a substantial violation while in possession of the premises.
(3) As used in this section, “substantial violation” means any act or series of acts by the tenant or any guest or invitee of the tenant that, when considered together:
(a) Occurs on or near the premises and endangers the person or willfully and substantially endangers the property of the landlord, any co-tenant, or any person living on or near the premises; or
(b) Occurs on or near the premises and constitutes a violent or drug-related felony prohibited under article 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, or 18 of title 18, C.R.S.; or
(c) Occurs on the tenant’s leased premises or the common areas, hallway, grounds, parking lot, or other area located in the same building or complex in which the tenant’s leased premises are located and constitutes a criminal act in violation of federal or state law or local ordinance that:
(I) Carries a potential sentence of incarceration of one hundred eighty days or more; and
(II) Has been declared to be a public nuisance under state law or local ordinance based on a state statute.
Source Link - 8 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-510(2) & (3)
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(2) A tenant affected by a violation of this section may bring a civil action in a county court or district court of competent jurisdiction to restrain further violations and to recover damages, costs, and reasonable attorney fees. In the case of a violation, the tenant must be awarded statutory damages equal to the tenant’s actual damages and the higher amount of either three times the monthly rent or five thousand dollars, as well as any other damages, attorney fees, and costs that may be owed.
(3) A court may also order that possession be restored to a tenant who was affected by a violation of this section.
Source Link - 9 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-510(1)
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It is unlawful for a landlord to remove or exclude a tenant from a dwelling unit without resorting to court process, unless the removal or exclusion is consistent with article 18.5 of title 25 and the rules promulgated by the state board of health for the cleanup of an illegal drug laboratory; is with the mutual consent of the landlord and tenant; or unless the dwelling unit has been abandoned by the tenant, as evidenced by the return of keys, the substantial removal of the tenant’s personal property, notice by the tenant, or the extended absence of the tenant while rent remains unpaid, any of which would cause a reasonable person to believe the tenant had permanently surrendered possession of the dwelling unit. Unlawful removal or exclusion includes the willful termination of utilities or the willful removal of doors, windows, or locks to the premises other than as required for repair or maintenance. If the landlord willfully and unlawfully removes the tenant from the premises or willfully and unlawfully causes the termination of heat, running water, hot water, electric, gas, or other essential services, the tenant may seek any remedy available under the law, including this part 5.
Source Link - 10 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 38-12-509(1)
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(a) A landlord shall not retaliate against a tenant by engaging in any of the activities specified in subsection (1)(b) of this section in response to the tenant:
(I) Having made a good faith complaint to the landlord, to a nonprofit organization or third party, or to a governmental agency alleging a condition described by section 38-12-505 (1) or any condition that materially interferes with the life, health, or safety of the tenant;
(II) Organizing or becoming a member of a tenants’ association or similar organization; or
(III) Exercising or attempting to exercise in good faith any right or remedy afforded to a tenant pursuant to section 38-12-507.
(b) Prohibited retaliation includes:
(I) Increasing rent or decreasing services;
(II) Terminating or not renewing a rental agreement or contract without written consent of the tenant;
(III) Bringing or threatening to bring an action for possession;
(IV) Taking action that in any manner intimidates, threatens, discriminates against, harasses, or retaliates against a tenant; or
(V) Charging the tenant or seeking to collect from the tenant any fee, cost, or penalty.
- 11 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-110(1)(a)
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An action under this article 40 is commenced by filing with the court a complaint in writing describing the property with reasonable certainty, the grounds for the recovery thereof, the name of the person in possession or occupancy, a prayer for recovery of possession, and a signed affidavit that states:
(I) The residential tenant receives supplemental security income, social security disability insurance under Title II of the federal “Social Security Act”, 42 U.S.C. sec. 401 et seq., as amended, or cash assistance through the Colorado works program created in part 7 of article 2 of title 26, and the complainant and residential tenant participated in mandatory mediation and the mediation was unsuccessful;
(II) The complainant and residential tenant did not participate in mandatory mediation because the residential tenant:
(A) Did not disclose or declined to disclose in writing in response to a written inquiry from the complainant that the residential tenant receives supplemental security income, social security disability insurance under Title II of the federal “Social Security Act”, 42 U.S.C. sec. 401 et seq., as amended, or cash assistance through the Colorado works program created in part 7 of article 2 of title 26; or
(B) Does not receive supplemental security income, social security disability insurance under Title II of the federal “Social Security Act”, 42 U.S.C. sec. 401 et seq., as amended, or cash assistance through the Colorado works program created in part 7 of article 2 of title 26; or
(III) The complainant and residential tenant did not participate in mandatory mediation because the complainant is:
(A) A 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that offers opportunities for mediation to residential tenants prior to filing a residential eviction in court; or
(B) A landlord with five or fewer single-family rental homes and no more than five total rental units, including any single-family homes.
Source Link - 12 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-110(1)(b) & (1)(d)
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(b) Mandatory mediation must be conducted by a trained neutral third party and be provided at no cost to the residential tenant. The landlord is only required to pay for the landlord’s portion of the mandatory mediation. The complainant and residential tenant may have legal representation present during the mandatory mediation. A residential tenant may voluntarily waive the tenant’s right to mandatory mediation, but a waiver must not be in any lease agreement or other agreement between the complainant and residential tenant pursuant to section 38-12-801
.…
(d) Failure to comply with the mandatory mediation requirements outlined in this subsection (1) is an affirmative defense. If the affirmative defense is raised and the complainant cannot demonstrate that the requirements were met, the court shall dismiss the case without prejudice and a new complaint must be filed.
Source Link - 13 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-112(2)
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If personal service cannot be had upon the defendant by a person qualified under the Colorado rules of civil procedure to serve process, after having made diligent effort to make such personal service, such person may make service by posting a copy of the summons and the complaint in some conspicuous place upon the premises. In addition thereto, the plaintiff shall mail, no later than the next business day following the day on which he or she files the complaint, a copy of the summons, or, in the event that an alias summons is issued, a copy of the alias summons, and a copy of the complaint to the defendant at the premises by postage prepaid, first-class mail.
Source Link - 14 Arvada Vill. Gardens L.P. v. Garate, No. 23SA34, 9 (Colo. 2023)
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A landlord of a property covered by the CARES Act must give thirty days’ notice before filing for FED [i.e., eviction] in Colorado.Source Link
- 15 Rule 4 - Process, C.r.c.p. 4(d)
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Process may be served within the United States or its Territories by any person whose age is eighteen years or older, not a party to the action. Process served in a foreign country shall be according to any internationally agreed means reasonably calculated to give notice, the law of the foreign country, or as directed by the foreign authority or the court if not otherwise prohibited by international agreement.
Source Link - 16 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-112(3)
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Personal service or service by posting shall be made at least seven days before the day for appearance specified in such summons, and the time and manner of such service shall be endorsed upon such summons by the person making service thereof.
Source Link - 17 Rule 4 - Process, C.r.c.p. 4(e)(1)
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(d)(1)…by delivering a copy thereof to the person, or by leaving a copy thereof at the person’s usual place of abode, with any person whose age is eighteen years or older and who is a member of the person’s family, or at the person’s usual workplace, with the person’s supervisor, secretary, administrative assistant, bookkeeper, human resources representative or managing agent…
Source Link - 18 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-108
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A notice to quit or demand for possession of real property may be served by delivering a copy thereof to the tenant or other person occupying such premises, or by leaving such copy with some person, a member of the tenant’s family above the age of fifteen years, residing on or in charge of the premises, or, in case no one is on the premises at the time service is attempted, by posting such copy in some conspicuous place on the premises.
- 19 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-111(1)
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Upon filing the complaint as required in section 13-40-110, the clerk of the court or the attorney for the plaintiff shall issue a summons. The summons must command the defendant to appear before the court at a place named in the summons and at a time and on a day not less than seven days but not more than fourteen days after the day of issuing the same to answer the complaint of plaintiff. A court shall not enter a default judgment for possession before the close of business on the date upon which an appearance is due. The summons must also contain a statement addressed to the defendant stating: “If you do not respond to the landlord’s complaint by filing a written answer with the court on or before the date and time in this summons or appearing in court at the date and time in this summons, the judge may enter a default judgment against you in favor of your landlord for possession. A default judgment for possession means that you will have to move out, and it may mean that you will have to pay money to the landlord. In your answer to the court, you can state why you believe you have a right to remain in the property, whether you admit or deny the landlord’s factual allegations against you, and whether you believe you were given proper notice of the landlord’s reasons for terminating your tenancy before you got this summons.”
Source Link - 20 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-113.5(c)(2) & (e)
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(c) (II) The court shall not assess, charge, or collect an e-filing fee, service fee, or any other fee associated with the filing of motions, answers, or documents that are filed by a defendant.
…
(e) If a pro se defendant files an answer or any other document physically instead of filing electronically through an e-filing system, the court shall timely serve the document on the plaintiff on behalf of the defendant and shall not charge any fee or cost related to the service.
Source Link - 21 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-113.5(1)
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(1) For a residential action filed in county court pursuant to this article 40:
(a) The court shall allow either party and any witness to choose to appear in person or remotely by phone or video on a platform designated by the court at any return, conference, hearing, trial, or other court proceeding. Either party and any witness may elect to change how the party or witness intends to participate by contacting the court; except that, if a party or witness contacts the court within forty-eight hours of the scheduled appearance, the court has discretion whether to approve the party or witness’s requested change in participation.
(b) A pro se defendant may file an answer electronically through an e-filing system. If either party is pro se, the party may file a motion or other documents, including, but not limited to, evidence, additional documentation, or a motion to waive filing fees, electronically through an e-filing system.
Source Link - 22 Colo. Rev. Stat. § 13-40-122(1)
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(1) No writ of restitution shall issue upon any judgment entered in any action under the provisions of this article out of any court until after the expiration of forty-eight hours from the time of the entry of such judgment…
Source Link