Public Housing Statistics [2024]: Section 8, Demographics & More

Last Updated: November 22, 2023

Highlights. Housing assistance programs such as Section 8 & Public Housing provide affordable housing to 2.71% of Americans through rental and housing subsidies.

9.03 million Americans benefit from housing assistance.
2.01 million live in Section 8 housing.
74% of public assistance households are female-headed.
$16,020 is the average income per public assistance household.
$341 is the average family monthly rent expenditure among Section 8 households.

Section 8 Housing Assistance

Section 8 programs are under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). There are two types of Section 8 housing assistance: the tenant-based Housing Choice Voucher program and the project-based Section 8 Project Housing.

9.03 million or 2.71% of Americans benefit from Section 8 and other forms of housing assistance through HUD.
The median average rent among Section 8 households is $341 per month ($4,088 per year).
The average annual HUD household income is $16,019.
2.01 million Americans live in Section 8 Project Housing.
5.18 million use the Housing Choice Vouchers program (HCV).
HCV is a tenant-based housing assistance program that lets applicants choose their own program-approved housing.
2.35 million households use HCV.
Tenants with housing vouchers pay up to 40% of their income for rent; the local public housing authority (PHA) pays the difference via direct deposit.
Housing vouchers are distributed by the area public housing agency (PHA).

Doughnut Chart: Program Usage Among HUD Beneficiaries, 9.03 million Americans including Section 8 users

HUD Statistics

Millions more Americans benefit from other forms of housing assistance. When combined with Section 8 tenants, 4.5 million households are HUD households.

The average HUD household pays $386 in rent per month.
66% of HUD users belong to racial minorities.
47% are white, including white Hispanic (14%) as well as non-Hispanic (33%).
44% of HUD-assisted individuals are Black, including Black Hispanic (2%), as well as non-Hispanic (42%).
30% of households with children are female-headed.
24% of individuals benefiting from HUD are disabled in some way.
The average HUD household uses housing assistance for 10.1 years.
Households in public housing remain part of their program the longest at an average of 11.6 years.

Bar Graph: HUD Family Income Limits (National), to qualify for public housing or section 8

Section 8 Tenant Eligibility

In general, a household may qualify for Section 8 assistance if the household is Very Low-Income or Extremely Low-Income as defined by the HUD.

A Very Low-Income household has an income that is 50% of the median income for that area.
An Extremely Low-Income household has an income that is 30% of the median.
Public housing agencies are legally required to provide 75% of vouchers to Extremely Low-Income households.
A local PHA may give preference to individuals or families under extreme conditions, such as homelessness or involuntary displacement.

Bar Graph: HUD Household Incomes, including Section 8 and all other housing assistance programs

Section 8 Property Eligibility

In order to gain PHA approval, housing units must meet certain health and safety requirements.

The local PHA is required to inspect a Section 8 unit at least once per year regardless of tenant turnover.
Units must include fully operational drains and GFI outlets.
All outlets must have cover plates.
Kitchen appliances must be clean and functional.
All exterior-accessible windows must have locks.
There must be no missing, broken, or cracked windows.
Each bathroom must include a window or exhaust fan.
The roof must be waterproof and structurally sound.
All plumbing and plumbing fixtures must be fully operational.
There must be a fully operational shower or bathtub.
Kitchen and bathroom must be equipped with hot and cold water.
All stairs and railings must be secure.
No large holes in floors or floor coverings.
No tears in floor coverings.
No chipping interior paint.
No chipping exterior paint below 5ft.
Functional smoke detectors and CO₂ detectors.

Fair Market Rent

Landlords must charge Fair Market Rent as defined by HUD. HUD releases new parameters each July.

HUD determines the national Fair Market Rent (FMR) in each of 2,500+ zones nationwide.
PHAs adjust the national FMR for neighborhoods, buildings, and individual housing units.
Adjusted FMRs must be within 90% to 110% of the HUD benchmark.

Owner Rights & Responsibilities

Owners and landlords who participate in Section 8 must meet certain HUD requirements.

Landlords of Section 8 approved units have the right to select their own tenants using whatever criteria they wish.*
Landlords collect a percentage of rent directly from tenants, and PHA covers the remainder via monthly direct deposit.
Landlords will only receive PHA deposits after the tenant has moved in.
Each PHA determines whether to include utilities as part of vouchers.
Landlords may collect a security deposit directly from the tenants up to the maximum amount allowed by the state’s security deposit law.

*It is illegal for landlords to discriminate against any individual based on race, ethnicity, color, religion, sex, gender, nationality, age, familial status, or disability.

Section 8 Project Housing

Also called Conventional Housing or Project Housing programs, Low Rent Public Housing refers to project-based housing assistance.

1.2 million households reside in Section 8 Project Housing.
Section 8 Project Housing is not the same as Public Housing.
Rent prices are based on a percentage of resident income.
PHAs own and manage public housing developments.
HUD subsidizes public housing developments.

National Map: HUD Assistance Recipients Among General Population, including Section 8 tenants

Housing Assistance by State

Housing assistance programs typically involve coordination between agencies at local, state, and federal levels.

Massachusetts has the highest rate of program usage, serving households at 93% capacity.
North Dakota has the lowest rate of program usage, serving households at 70% capacity.
Hawaii has the largest HUD households with an average 2.4 residents per housing unit.
New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Wyoming have the smallest households with an average 1.6 residents.
Utah has the smallest number of HUD residents per capita at 1.04%.
The District of Columbia has the highest number of HUD residents per capita at 7.37%.
Among states only, Rhode Island has the highest rate of HUD residents at 5.30%.

Jump to a state: AL | AK | AZ | AR | CA | CO | CT | DE | DC | FL | GA | HI | ID | IL | IN | IA | KS | KY | LA | ME | MD | MA | MI | MN | MS | MO | MT | NE | NA | NH | NJ | NM | NY | NC | ND | OH | OK | OR | PA | PR | RI | SC | SD | TN | TX | UT | VT | VA | VI | WA | WV | WI | WY

Housing Assistance Recipients by State/Territory
State	Total HUD Households	Occupancy Rate
Alabama	82,151	87%
Alaska	7,192	92%
Arizona	38,098	86%
Arkansas	44,152	85%
California	457,082	87%
Colorado	57,142	88%
Connecticut	77,390	90%
Delaware	11,640	85%
District of Columbia	24,992	76%
Florida	187,284	88%
Georgia	117,893	85%
Guam	3,264	90%
Hawaii	20,521	89%
Idaho	11,544	86%
Illinois	204,481	88%
Indiana	78,328	87%
Iowa	35,657	84%
Kansas	29,707	82%
Kentucky	76,377	89%
Louisiana	80,728	83%
Maine	24,854	88%
Maryland	91,147	88%
Massachusetts	184,441	93%
Michigan	129,583	89%
Minnesota	83,746	88%
Mississippi	51,431	90%
Missouri	80,085	85%
Montana	11,747	81%
Nebraska	24,407	85%
Nevada	22,264	90%
New Hampshire	21,394	92%
New Jersey	152,308	91%
New Mexico	21,107	79%
New York	497,436	89%
North Carolina	110,745	84%
North Dakota	11,165	70%
Northern Mariana Islands	488	94%
Ohio	201,356	88%
Oklahoma	47,770	85%
Oregon	52,587	87%
Pennsylvania	196,534	88%
Puerto Rico	97,307	91%
Rhode Island	35,237	91%
South Carolina	57,020	88%
South Dakota	11,737	82%
Tennessee	94,792	89%
Texas	254,668	86%
Utah	18,507	86%
Vermont	12,178	85%
Virgin Islands (U.S.)	4,436	75%
Virginia	95,150	87%
Washington	89,943	88%
West Virginia	31,348	90%
Wisconsin	67,790	85%
Wyoming	5,240	89%

National Map: HUD Assistance Program Utilization, occupancy and resource usership for Section 8, etc.

Alabama

82,151 households in Alabama occupy 87% of available HUD units.

Each HUD household in Alabama averages 2.2 members.
3.49% of the population benefits from HUD assistance.
33,859 Alabama households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers for 82% program utilization (40,227 available).
18,577 households live in Section 8 Project Housing, occupying 92% of 20,425 units.
27,135 Alabama households live in (90% of 30,560 available) Public Housing units.
No households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
2,000 households in Alabama use Section 202 housing assistance for elderly persons (96% capacity).
565 use Section 811 or housing for disabled persons (92% capacity).
15 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program.

Alaska

7,192 households in Alaska occupy 92% of available HUD units.

Each HUD household in Alaska averages 1.9 members.
1.89% of the population of Alaska benefits from HUD assistance.
4,476 Alaska households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers for 92% program utilization (4,922 available).
1,095 households live in Section 8 Project Housing for 92% occupancy of 1,203 available units.
1,137 households in Alaska live in (91% of 1,247 available) Public Housing units.
No households benefit Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
253 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
163 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (90% capacity).
68 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (96% capacity).

Arizona

38,098 households in Arizona occupy 86% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Arizona averages 2.2 members.
1.13% of the population of Arizona benefits from HUD assistance.
23,065 Arizona households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers for 81% program utilization (25,721 available).
8,492 households live in Section 8 Project Housing for 94% occupancy of 8,929 units.
3,858 households in Arizona live in Public Housing (4,236 units at 91% occupancy).
270 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (72% capacity).
1,860 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
445 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (88% capacity).
108 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (92% capacity).

Arkansas

44,152 households in Arkansas occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Arkansas averages 1.9 members.
2.74% of the population of Arkansas benefits from HUD assistance.
22,549 households in Arkansas use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers for 79% program utilization.
9,905 Arkansas households live in Section 8 Project Housing (90% occupancy).
9,356 Arkansas households live in Public Housing (93% occupancy).
No households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,463 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (94% capacity).
807 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (94% capacity).
72 Arkansas households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (75% capacity).

California

457,082 households in California occupy 87% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in California averages 2.0 members.
2.34% of the population of California benefits from HUD assistance.
319,524 California households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (84% capacity).
97,850 households in California live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% occupancy).
22,357 California households live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
244 California households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (42% capacity).
13,152 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
2,436 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (96% capacity).
1,519 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (109% capacity).

Colorado

57,142 households in Colorado occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Colorado averages 1.9 members.
1.89% of the population of Colorado benefits from HUD assistance.
33,209 Colorado households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (83% capacity).
15,808 households in Colorado live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% capacity).
5,872 Colorado households live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
46 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (21% capacity).
1,436 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
308 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (96% capacity).
463 Colorado households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (106% capacity).

Connecticut

77,390 households in Connecticut occupy 90% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Connecticut averages 1.9 members.
4.12% of the population of Connecticut benefits from HUD assistance.
40,791 Connecticut households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (86% capacity).
22,188 Connecticut households live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% capacity).
11,935 households in Connecticut live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,858 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
210 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (94% capacity).
399 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program.

Delaware

11,640 households in Delaware occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Delaware averages 2.0 members.
2.32% of the population of Delaware benefits from HUD assistance.
4,722 Delaware households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (77% capacity).
4,370 households in Delaware live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
1,842 Delaware households live in Public Housing (90% capacity).
No households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
421 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (99% capacity).
294 Delaware households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (89% capacity).
No moderate rehabilitation program.

District of Columbia

24,992 households in D.C. occupy 76% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in D.C. averages 2.0 members.
7.37% of the population of D.C. benefits from HUD assistance.
111,794 D.C. households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (72% capacity).
8,730 live in Section 8 Project Housing (90% capacity).
3,776 households in D.C. live in Public Housing (67% capacity).
No households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
378 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
114 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (89% capacity).
200 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (73% capacity).

Florida

187,284 households in Florida occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Florida averages 2.1 members.
1.81% of the population of Florida benefits from HUD assistance.
113,522 Florida households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
40,684 households in Florida live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% capacity).
21,657 Florida households live in Public Housing (89% capacity).
121 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (1513% capacity).
7,223 Florida households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (99% capacity).
1,406 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (95% capacity).
2,671 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (123% capacity).

Georgia

117,893 households in Georgia occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Georgia averages 2.2 members.
2.39% of the population of Georgia benefits from HUD assistance.
57,916 Georgia households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (79% capacity).
32,227 households in Georgia live in Section 8 Project Housing (89% capacity).
24,465 Georgia households live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
No households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
2,632 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
547 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (91% capacity).
106 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (92% capacity).

Hawaii

20,521 households in Hawaii occupy 89% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Hawaii averages 2.4 members.
3.44% of the population of Hawaii benefits from HUD assistance.
12,360 Hawaii households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
3,045 households in Hawaii live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% capacity).
4,361 households in Hawaii live in Public Housing (94% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households use Section 236 or Multifamily Subsidized Housing.
563 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
156 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (90% capacity).
34 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (80% capacity).

Idaho

11,544 households in Idaho occupy 86% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Idaho averages 1.8 members.
1.07% of the population of Idaho benefits from HUD assistance.
6,932 Idaho households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (82% capacity).
3,530 households in Idaho live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
590 households in Idaho live in Public Housing (98% capacity).
12 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (24% capacity).
381 Idaho households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
99 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (97% capacity).
No moderate rehabilitation program.

Illinois

204,481 households in Illinois occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Illinois averages 1.9 members.
3.13% of the population of Illinois benefits from HUD assistance.
99,240 Illinois households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (84% capacity).
60,666 live in Section 8 Project Housing (93% capacity).
36,945 households in Illinois live in Public Housing (89% capacity).
160 use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (40% capacity).
5,221 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
1,468 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (92% capacity).
781 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (136% capacity).

Indiana

78,328 households in Indiana occupy 87% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Indiana averages 1.9 members.
2.16% of the population of Indiana benefits from HUD assistance.
38,510 Indiana households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (83% capacity).
27,465 households of Indiana live in Section 8 Project Housing (91% capacity).
9,309 households in Indiana live in Public Housing (89% capacity).
81 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (50% capacity).
2,157 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
751 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (92% capacity).
55 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (91% capacity).

Iowa

35,657 households in Iowa occupy 84% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Iowa averages 1.7 members.
1.91% of the population of Iowa benefits from HUD assistance.
19,631 Iowa households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (80% capacity).
10,998 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (90% capacity).
3,737 households in Iowa live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,032 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (95% capacity).
227 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (87% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program.

Kansas

29,707 households in Kansas occupy 82% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Kansas averages 1.7 members.
1.68% of the population of Kansas benefits from HUD assistance.
11,320 Kansas households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (75% capacity).
10,238 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (85% capacity).
7,152 households in Kansas live in Public Housing (86% capacity).
No households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
705 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
292 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (83% capacity).
No moderate rehabilitation program.

Kentucky

76,377 households in Kentucky occupy 89% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Kentucky averages 1.9 members.
3.29% of the population of Kentucky benefits from HUD assistance.
34,024 Kentucky households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (86% capacity).
21,358 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
19,008 households in Kentucky Public Housing (93% capacity).
No households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,423 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (94% capacity).
433 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (89% capacity).
131 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (93% capacity).

Louisiana

80,728 families in Louisiana occupy 83% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Louisiana averages 2.2 members.
3.83% of the population of Louisiana benefits from HUD assistance.
49,073 Louisiana households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (79% capacity).
14,151 households live in Section 8 Project Housing units (89% capacity).
14,536 households in Louisiana live in Public Housing units (88% capacity).
No households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,929 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (93% capacity).
831 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (93% capacity).
208 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (81% capacity).

Maine

24,854 households in Maine occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Maine averages 1.7 members.
3.09% of the population of Maine benefits from HUD assistance.
12,608 Maine households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (81% capacity).
7,835 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (96% capacity).
3,299 households in Maine live in Public Housing (97% capacity).
No households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
731 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
160 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (95% capacity).
221 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (152% capacity).

Maryland

91,147 households in Maryland occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Maryland averages 2.0 members.
2.98% of the population of Maryland benefits from HUD assistance.
51,604 Maryland households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (86% capacity).
25,708 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
9,349 households in Maryland live in Public Housing (85% capacity).
207 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (67% capacity).
3,108 use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
987 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (90% capacity).
184 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (114% capacity).

Massachusetts

184,441 households in Massachusetts occupy 93% of HUD units.

Each HUD household averages 1.9 members.
4.92% of the population of Massachusetts benefits from HUD assistance.
92,631 Massachusetts households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (91% capacity).
55,756 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% capacity).
29,618 households live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
43 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (3% capacity).
3,746 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
888 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (93% capacity).
1,759 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (96% capacity).

Michigan

129,583 households occupy 89% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Michigan averages 1.8 members.
2.37% of the population of Michigan benefits from HUD assistance.
56,281 Michigan households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
53,233 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (93% capacity).
16,022 households in Michigan live in Public Housing (91% capacity).
113 households in Michigan use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (36% capacity).
3,133 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
520 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (94% capacity).
280 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (105% capacity).

Minnesota

83,746 households in Minnesota occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Minnesota averages 2.0 members.
2.88% of the population of Minnesota benefits from HUD assistance.
35,140 Minnesota households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (84% capacity).
31,137 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (88% capacity).
14,208 households in Minnesota live in Public Housing (94% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
2,284 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (95% capacity).
717 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (91% capacity).
257 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (158% capacity).

Mississippi

51,431 households in Mississippi occupy 90% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Mississippi averages 2.3 members.
4.05% of the population of Mississippi benefits from HUD assistance.
25,705 Mississippi households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (89% capacity).
16,691 live in Section 8 Project Housing (90% capacity).
7,693 households in Mississippi live in Public Housing (93% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
957 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (95% capacity).
384 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (90% capacity).
No moderate rehabilitation program.

Missouri

80,085 households in Missouri occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Missouri averages 1.9 members.
2.47% of the population of Missouri benefits from HUD assistance.
39,846 Missouri households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (80% capacity).
21,552 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (88% capacity).
14,732 households in Missouri live in Public Housing (91% capacity).
66 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (53% capacity).
2,885 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
985 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (91% capacity).
19 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (95% capacity).

Montana

11,747 households in Montana occupy 81% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Montana averages 1.7 members.
1.79% of the population of Montana benefits from HUD assistance.
5,827 Montana households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (74% capacity).
3,803 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (86% capacity).
1,321 households in Montana live in Public Housing (94% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
454 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
122 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (95% capacity).
210 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (82% capacity).

Nebraska

24,407 households in Nebraska occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Nebraska averages 1.9 members.
2.31% of the population of Nebraska benefits from HUD assistance.
11,487 Nebraska households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (79% capacity).
5,672 households in Nebraska live in Section 8 Project Housing (87% capacity).
6,260 households in Nebraska live in Public Housing (94% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
575 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (92% capacity).
325 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (84% capacity).
88 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (100% capacity).

Nevada

22,264 households in Nevada occupy 90% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Nevada averages 2.2 members.
1.53% of the population of Nevada benefits from HUD assistance.
15,815 Nevada households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (89% capacity).
3,014 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (93% capacity).
2,721 households in Nevada live in Public Housing (94% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
408 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
306 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (96% capacity).
No moderate rehabilitation program.

New Hampshire

21,394 households in New Hampshire occupy 92% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in New Hampshire averages 1.6 members.
2.53% of the population of New Hampshire benefits from HUD assistance.
11,009 New Hampshire households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (87% capacity).
5,624 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (96% capacity).
3,443 households in New Hampshire live in Public Housing (98% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,157 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
28 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (89% capacity).
133 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (80% capacity).

New Jersey

152,308 households in New Jersey occupy 91% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in New Jersey averages 1.9 members.
3.11% of the population of New Jersey benefits from HUD assistance.
77,367 New Jersey households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (88% capacity).
45,867 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% capacity).
24,037 households in New Jersey live in Public Housing (90% capacity).
106 households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (7% capacity).
3,723 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
866 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (91% capacity).
342 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (84% capacity).

New Mexico

21,107 households in New Mexico occupy 79% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in New Mexico averages 2.0 members.
1.98% of the population of New Mexico benefits from HUD assistance.
11,560 New Mexico households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (71% capacity).
5,109 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (90% capacity).
3,483 households in New Mexico live in Public Housing (92% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
667 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
270 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (96% capacity).
18 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (100% capacity).

New York

497,436 households in New York occupy 89% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in New York averages 2.0 members.
5.01% of the population of New York benefits from HUD assistance.
224,540 New York households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
100,313 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (89% capacity).
153,976 households in New York live in Public Housing (95%mcapacity).
880 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (16% capacity).
12,873 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
1,737 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (94% capacity).
3,117 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (87% capacity).

North Carolina

110,745 households in North Carolina occupy 84% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in North Carolina averages 2.1 members.
2.17% of the population of North Carolina benefits from HUD assistance.
58,570 households in North Carolina use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (77% capacity).
25,922 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (93% capacity).
21,921 households in North Carolina live in Public Housing (90% capacity).
22 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (67% capacity).
3,037 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
1,230 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (90% capacity).
43 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (100% capacity).

North Dakota

11,165 households in North Dakota occupy 70% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in North Dakota averages 1.7 members.
2.43% of the population of North Dakota benefits from HUD assistance.
7,702 North Dakota households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (67% capacity).
2,160 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (78% capacity).
1,063 households in North Dakota live in Public Housing (78% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
54 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (80% capacity).
116 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (87% capacity).
70 benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program.

Ohio

201,356 households in Ohio occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Ohio averages 1.9 members.
3.31% of the population of Ohio benefits from HUD assistance.
90,852 Ohio households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (84% capacity).
71,261 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (91% capacity).
31,025 households in Ohio live in Public Housing (90% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
6,366 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
1,574 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (94% capacity).
278 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (92% capacity).

Oklahoma

47,770 households in Oklahoma occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Oklahoma averages 2.0 members.
2.33% of the population of Oklahoma benefits from HUD assistance.
24,655 Oklahoma households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (80% capacity).
11,760 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (89% capacity).
9,567 households in Oklahoma live in Public Housing (89% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,038 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (92% capacity).
670 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (92% capacity).
80 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (84% capacity).

Oregon

52,587 households in Oregon occupy 87% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Oregon averages 1.9 members.
2.31% of the population of Oregon benefits from HUD assistance.
38,851 Oregon households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
9,054 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (90% capacity).
2,620 households in Oregon live in Public Housing (97% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,406 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
468 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (93% capacity).
188 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (142% capacity).

Pennsylvania

196,534 households in Pennsylvania occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Pennsylvania averages 1.9 members.
2.81% of the population of Pennsylvania benefits from HUD assistance.
78,109 Pennsylvania households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (80% capacity).
57,922 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (94% capacity).
52,672 households in Pennsylvania live in Public Housing (94% capacity).
80 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (32% capacity).
5,613 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
1,063 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (93% capacity).
1,075 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (66% capacity).

Puerto Rico

97,307 households in Puerto Rico occupy 91% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Puerto Rico averages 2.1 members.
6.28% of the population of Puerto Rico benefits from HUD assistance.
28,132 households in Puerto Rico use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
17,415 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
49,880 households in Puerto Rico live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
926 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (93% capacity).
138 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (91% capacity).
816 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (100% capacity).

Rhode Island

35,237 households in Rhode Island occupy 91% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Rhode Island averages 1.6 members.
5.30% of the population of Rhode Island benefits from HUD assistance.
9,023 Rhode Island households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (78% capacity).
15,590 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (96% capacity).
8,750 households in Rhode Island live in Public Housing (97% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,201 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
461 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (97% capacity).
212 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (106% capacity).

South Carolina

57,020 households in South Carolina occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in South Carolina averages 2.2 members.
2.34% of the population of South Carolina benefits from HUD assistance.
25,778 South Carolina households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (84% capacity).
17,406 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (93% capacity).
11,088 households in South Carolina live in Public Housing (91% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,681 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
1,034 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (97% capacity).
33 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (98% capacity).

South Dakota

11,737 households in South Dakota occupy 82% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in South Dakota averages 1.8 members.
2.28% of the population of South Dakota benefits from HUD assistance.
5,481 South Dakota households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (78% capacity).
4,459 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (85% capacity).
1,439 households in South Dakota live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
177 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
81 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (87% capacity).
100 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (88% capacity).

Tennessee

94,792 households in Tennessee occupy 89% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Tennessee averages 2.0 members.
2.72% of the population of Tennessee benefits from HUD assistance.
35,474 Tennessee households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
37,548 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (90% capacity).
18,292 households in Tennessee live in Public Housing (91% capacity).
Fewer than 11 households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
2,600 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
664 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (91% capacity).
167 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (109% capacity).

Texas

254,668 households in Texas occupy 86% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Texas averages 2.3 members.
1.93% of the population of Texas benefits from HUD assistance.
156,403 Texas households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (81% capacity).
53,642 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (91% capacity).
36,452 households in Texas live in Public Housing (93% capacity).
13 households use Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing (57% capacity).
6,082 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
1,169 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (94% capacity).
907 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (126% capacity).

Utah

18,507 households in Utah occupy 86% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Utah averages 1.9 members.
1.04% of the population of Utah benefits from HUD assistance.
12,511 Utah households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (83% capacity).
4,051 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
1,102 households in Utah live in Public Housing (94% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
621 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
103 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (93% capacity).
119 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (99% capacity).

Vermont

12,178 households in Vermont occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Vermont averages 1.7 members.
3.26% of the population of Vermont benefits from HUD assistance.
8,201 Vermont households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (80% capacity).
3,223 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (96% capacity).
406 households in Vermont live in Public Housing (97% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
252 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (96% capacity).
58 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (96% capacity).
38 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (107% capacity).

Virginia

95,150 households in Virginia occupy 87% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Virginia averages 2.1 members.
2.32% of the population of Virginia benefits from HUD assistance.
51,596 Virginia households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (83% capacity).
28,062 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
12,380 households in Virginia live in Public Housing (92% capacity).
No households benefit from Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
2,305 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (98% capacity).
576 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (92% capacity).
231 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (56% capacity).

Virgin Islands (U.S.)

4,398 households in the U.S. Virgin Islands occupy 73% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in the Virgin Islands averages 2.3 members.
9.58% of the population of the Virgin Island benefits from HUD assistance
1,288 Virgin Islands households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (68% capacity).
1,164 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (72% capacity).
1,900 households in the Virgin Islands live in Public Housing (82% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
55 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (95% capacity).
29 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (94% capacity).
No moderate rehabilitation program.

Washington

89,943 households in Washington occupy 88% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Washington averages 1.9 members.
2.24% of the population of Washington benefits from HUD assistance.
62,962 Washington households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (85% capacity).
13,748 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
19,934 households in Washington live in Public Housing (96% capacity).
Fewer than 11 Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
2,422 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
514 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (95% capacity).
362 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (55% capacity).

West Virginia

31,348 households in West Virginia occupy 90% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in West Virginia averages 1.7 members.
3.08% of the population of West Virginia benefits from HUD assistance.
14,537 West Virginia households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (87% capacity).
10,063 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (92% capacity).
6,005 households in West Virginia live in Public Housing (95% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
337 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (88% capacity).
322 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (91% capacity).
84 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (73% capacity).

Wisconsin

67,790 households in Wisconsin occupy 85% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Wisconsin averages 1.7 members.
1.92% of the population of Wisconsin benefits from HUD assistance.
26,817 Wisconsin households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (75% capacity).
28,978 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (91% capacity).
9,871 households in Wisconsin live in Public Housing (96% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
1,568 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (95% capacity).
479 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (93% capacity).
77 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (84% capacity).

Wyoming

5,240 households in Wyoming occupy 89% of HUD units.

Each HUD household in Wyoming averages 1.6 members.
1.45% of the population of Wyoming benefits from HUD assistance.
2,538 Wyoming households use Section 8 Housing Choice Vouchers (92% capacity).
1,911 households live in Section 8 Project Housing (85% capacity).
600 households in Wyoming live in Public Housing (91% capacity).
No Section 236 or Multi-Family Subsidized Housing.
138 households use Section 202 affordable housing for elderly persons (97% capacity).
40 households use Section 811 affordable housing for disabled persons (97% capacity).
13 households benefit from the moderate rehabilitation program (87% capacity).

Other Affordable Housing Programs

In common usage, “Section 8” may refer to housing assistance in general. Not all housing assistance programs are subsidized by HUD.

806,816 households or 1.65 million Americans live in Public Housing.
The average household has 2.0 members.
18,359 Americans benefit from Moderate Rehabilitation or Mod Rehab, which helps homeless individuals find housing.
Tax credits are ultimately managed by the Internal Revenue Service.
HOME is the largest Federal grant program, which finances affordable housing in participating jurisdictions.
Section 236 refers to multi-family subsidized housing.

Section 202: Housing for Elderly Persons

Under Section 202 of the Housing Act of 1959, HUD provides Supportive Housing for the Elderly through rent and housing subsidies.

120,658 Americans benefit from Section 202.
The program is at 97% capacity.
The average number of tenants per unit is 1.1.
Eligible tenants are very low-income households that include at least one person over the age of 62.
A property must provide housing to very low-income elderly for a minimum of 40 years in order to qualify for HUD subsidies.
Only private nonprofit organizations and nonprofit consumer cooperatives are eligible to participate in the program as property owners.

Section 811: Housing for Disabled Persons

Under Section 811 of the National Affordable Housing Act of 1990, HUD provides Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities via subsidies.

33,223 Americans benefit from Section 811.
The program operates at 92% capacity.
The average number of tenants per unit is 1.1.
Disabled adults may qualify only if they are very low-income or extremely-low income as defined by HUD.
Adults with physical disability, developmental disability, and/or chronic mental illness are eligible.
Nonprofit developers of affordable housing for persons with disabilities may be eligible for interest-free capital advances.
State housing agencies may provide project rental assistance to new or existing multifamily housing complexes funded through state, Federal, and local programs.

Public Housing Statistics